What is the term for a sudden overthrow of a government by a small group?

The term "coup d’état" specifically refers to the sudden overthrow of a government, typically carried out by a small group that often includes military or political leaders. This action usually aims to replace the current government with new leadership, and it is marked by a relatively quick and decisive seizure of power.

In contrast to a revolution, which typically involves a larger population and aims for profound change in government or societal structure, a coup d’état focuses on immediate control rather than widespread public support or involvement. Other terms, such as insurrection and uprising, also describe forms of resistance or revolt but generally imply broader public participation or discontent over time rather than the direct seizure characteristic of a coup d’état. This distinction makes "coup d’état" the most accurate choice in this context.